A theorist who takes an evolutionary perspective on abnormal behavior would MOST likely agree that: at one time what is now often labeled abnormal behavior actually helped humans survive. The superego is partly conscious but mostly unconscious, and part of it becomes our conscience. Which theory is based on the idea that people constantly evaluate and give meaning to their lives through their actions? She interprets this to mean that the hospital is a threatening place because it's filled with dangerous diseases. The central nervous system (CNS) is the control center for the nervous system, which receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming sensory information. 40. First, libido is the psychic energy that drives a person to pleasurable thoughts and behaviors. What form do these consequences take? This action MOST strongly suggests that the _____ is firmly in control of Nikolai. In this family, the children are also discouraged from asking for advice or seeking support. Gambling disorder is a manifestation of the previously desirable behavior of being a risk taker. First, associative learning is the linking together of information sensed from our environment. b. self-actualizing. b. existential therapy. All of the models include an element of the biological model. The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: Nari was taking the bar exam and was concerned that she didn't know the answers to many of the questions. 78. As you can learn desirable behaviors such as watching how your father bags groceries at the grocery store (I did this and still bag the same way today), you can learn undesirable ones too. 85. Finally, acceptance techniques help reduce a clients worry and anxiety. What is that factor? 80. Stimulants are generally effective and produce a calming effect. A health care provider prescribes disulfiram (Antabuse) for a client with alcoholism. A) The humanistic-existential model B) The family-social perspective C) The cognitive model D) The psychodynamic model B The model of abnormality that focuses on the role of values and choices in behavior is the _____ model. Describe how the biological model explains mental illness. A self-help group differs from group therapy in that the self-help group:
a. focuses on less serious problems. d. damage control. 54. Boys are more likely to be diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. 84. Masons parents always pay special attention to him when he takes toys from his little sister. 43. We should also note the existence of non-associative learning or when there is no linking of information or observing the actions of others around you. 35. So what do we do with this information? b. focusing on the here and now. d. the ways in which women express their femininity. These words have no affective connotation to them, meaning they do not imply good or bad. c. denial. 155. Rogers said that all people want to have positive regard from significant others in their life. Before introducing the current main models, it is crucial to understand what a model is. Types include habituation, or when we simply stop responding to repetitive and harmless stimuli in our environment such as a fan running in your laptop as you work on a paper, and sensitization, or when our reactions are increased due to a strong stimulus, such as an individual who experienced a mugging and now panics when someone walks up behind him/her on the street. In time, the cause of the persons psychopathology is due to all these individual factors.
PDF Psychological Disorders 2.4: The Sociocultural Model - Social Sci LibreTexts 157. Modeling techniques change behavior by having subjects observe a model in a situation that usually causes them some anxiety. d. sociocultural. Chances are you are already accepting the unknown in some areas of life and identifying these can help you to see why it is helpful in these areas, and how you can apply this in more difficult areas. According to Mental Health America, Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a procedure in which a brief application of electric stimulus is used to produce a generalized seizure. Patients are placed on a padded bed and administered a muscle relaxant to avoid injury during the seizures. a. cognitive
b. humanistic
c. psychodynamic
d. rational emotive. b. the libido. Describe the role of genes in mental illness. They act as a glue and hold the neuron in place. She relapsed and was admitted to Bellevue Sanatorium on July 1, eventually being released in October of the same year. c. phallic stage. Can our schemas lead us astray or be false? How do socioeconomic, gender, environmental, and multicultural factors affect mental illness and its treatment? 77. Nikolai runs past, grabs some of the cookies, and runs away. 2.2.1.5. To stop some undesirable behavior you made in the past, they likely took away some privilege. A therapist who would say this as a primary part of the therapy process would MOST probably be following the _____ tradition. These medications fall under five major categories. a. short-term psychodynamic therapy b. psychoanalysis c. traditional psychodynamic therapy d. relational psychoanalytic therapy. The BEST explanation for this trend is that these theories:
Her symptoms appeared as she cared for her dying father, and her mother called on Breuer to diagnosis her condition (note that Freud never actually treated her). Consider hunger, and the associated rumbling of our stomach, fatigue, lack of energy, etc., that motivates us to find and eat food. When we try to establish how abnormality develops, we need to consider how individuals deal with the meaning of life and with the value they find in living. c. operant conditioning. 119. Is there merit to this view? Learning has two main forms associative learning and observational learning. Maybe I am not paid weekly now. 16. Neurotransmitters will only bind to their specific receptor sites, much like a key will only fit into the lock it was designed for. She had another shirt with her and wanted to change right then and there. This could be a single factor such as a chemical imbalance in the brain, relationship with a parent, socioeconomic status (SES), a fearful event encountered during middle childhood, or the way in which the individual copes with lifes stressors. Choose one answer. Rates of eating disorders are higher among women than men, though both genders are affected. Conditioning is when learning occurs. d. development of sociopathic tendencies. Both the id and the ego:
a. unconsciously seek gratification. This is where assessing information about others comes in and involves the cognitive process of perception, or adding meaning to raw sensory data. The ego has a challenging job to fulfill, balancing both the will of the id and the superego, and the overwhelming anxiety and panic this creates. 117. d. transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). 2.3.4. 1. Throughout this book, we will discuss several treatment strategies used to change unwanted, maladaptive cognitions, whether they are present as an excess such as with paranoia, suicidal ideation, or feelings of worthlessness; or as a deficit such as with self-confidence and self-efficacy. 2.2.1.2. However, keep in mind that we do not model everything we see. Social Sciences; Psychology; Psychology questions and answers; which statement about catergorical vs dimensions models of abnormal behavior is true?A categorial models capture the complexity of mental disorders btter than dimensional modelsB Dimensional models better reflect nature/ reality of disorders than categorial onesC Catergorial models capture the severitu of mental disorders while . Finally, the sociocultural model indicated the role of socioeconomic, gender, environmental, and multicultural factors on abnormal behavior. Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: Which group BEST reflects those who may benefit from couple therapy? Counselors, clinical psychologists, and psychotherapists often work directly in . According to the behaviorists, disordered behavior is a result of _____________. A therapist who describes her client as someone who has yet to fulfill his or her full potential, rather than as someone with a disorder, is MOST likely what kind of theorist? c. helping the client gain insight into his or her unconscious desires and needs. Which statement is TRUE regarding the models of abnormality?, Which of the following is a particular strength of the clinical interview process?, Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to:, What requires a client to view one inkblot card at a time and describe what he or she sees in the image? In explaining why women are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and depression twice as often as men, multicultural therapists would focus on: prejudice and discrimination faced by women. Check out Figure 2.10 to see if you do. The electrical portion of the neural impulse is just the start. 2.2.2. a. modeling
Food, water, temperature, and sex, for instance, are primary reinforcers, while extreme cold or hot or a punch on the arm are inherently punishing. a. the humanistic-existential model
b. the family-social perspective
c. the cognitive model
d. the psychodynamic model, 11. 158. This represents the individual pairings of a feared object or situation and relaxation. The orientation of the author of this quote is MOST likely:
a. cognitive-behavioral. _____ theory focuses on observable and conscious behaviors, whereas _____ theory focuses on unconscious processes. Next, the children are placed in a room with several toys in it. Receptor cells in each of the five sensory systems detect energy. b. early childhood trauma. A psychodynamic therapist would consider this an example of: A patient's initial reaction to being told she has a sexually transmitted infection (STI) is to insist that the nurse made a mistake with the test. Humanists would say that an individual who cares about others and who is spontaneous, courageous, and independent is: The perspective that religious views are defense mechanisms created by people to make life tolerable is MOST characteristic of: What happens when an electrical impulse reaches a neuron's ending? It exists in the nucleus of each cell, packaged in threadlike structures known as chromosomes, for which we have 23 pairs or 46 total. 2.2.3.1. 100. In Banduras experiment, children were first brought into a room to watch a video of an adult playing nicely or aggressively with a Bobo doll, which provided a model. Gender plays an important, though at times, unclear role in mental illness. The pain was enough that I never walked up and down the street echoing my identity crisis for all to hear. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is:
a. projection. Exemplify the effect of attributions on creating abnormal behavior. Antidepressants are used to treat depression, but also anxiety, insomnia, and pain. But before these diagnostic categories a. Fritz Perls
b. Joseph Wolpe
c. Abraham Maslow
d. Aaron Beck, 123. Eventually the fact that no food comes will extinguish this reaction but still, it will be weird for a bit). The pituitary gland is the master gland which regulates other endocrine glands. c. children who very seldom fight. Interestingly, younger adults are more likely to develop SAD than older adults. d. They are unconscious and, therefore, not a factor in conscious experience. b. behavior-focused therapists.
PSY 381 Chapter 2 Flashcards | Quizlet The content of dreams includes the persons actual retelling of the dreams, called manifest content, and the hidden or symbolic meaning called latent content. d. cognitive. The four main models to explain psychological abnormality are the biological, behavioural, cognitive, and psychodynamic models. Greshka spilled iced coffee on her shirt while sitting in the park. See Figure 2.5 for an overview of Pavlovs classic experiment. The defense mechanism that BEST explains his behavior is: The antenna-like extensions located at one end of the neuron are called: A therapist identifies a biological factor in a patient with depression. According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that guides us to know when we can and cannot express our impulses is the: A patient with a controlling mother is undergoing therapy. d. short-term psychodynamic therapy. b. neurotransmitters. Once the information has been interpreted, commands are sent out, telling the body how to respond (Step E), also via the peripheral nervous system. The drug addresses (corrects) the underlying biological reasons for alcohol abuse. Another respondent conditioning way to unlearn a fear is called flooding or exposing the person to the maximum level of stimulus and as nothing aversive occurs, the link between CS and UCS producing the CR of fear should break, leaving the person unafraid. In the case of borderline personality disorder, many people report experiencing traumatic life events such as abandonment, abuse, unstable relationships or hostility, and adversity during childhood. Only about 10 percent of those who receive couple therapy eventually divorce. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? Clarify what psychodynamic techniques are used. Operant conditioning. 31. 81. Exemplify the effect of maladaptive cognitions on creating abnormal behavior. Chief among these are neurotransmitter imbalances. 102. The humanistic perspective focuses on positive regard, conditions of worth, and the fully functioning person while the existential perspective stresses the need for people to re-create themselves continually and be self-aware, acknowledges that anxiety is a normal part of life, focuses on free will and self-determination, emphasizes that each person has a unique identity known only through relationships and the search for meaning, and finally, that we develop to our maximum potential. c. There is a decreasing need for couple therapy based on current divorce rates. 83. According to Freud, another term for the symbolic meaning of dreams is:
a. positive transference. Exemplify the effect of schemas on creating abnormal behavior. 94. When Mathias did not get a job for which he applied, he was sure that everything was going wrong, that his life was completely off track. d. free association. Which model of abnormality MOST closely aligns with positive psychology? They are tied to experiences early in life. During CBT a therapist will actively work with a person to uncover unhealthy patterns of thought and how they may be causing self-destructive behaviors and beliefs. CBT attempts to identify negative or false beliefs and restructure them. So, if you were afraid of clowns, you would be thrown into a room full of clowns.
Chapter 3 Flashcards by Burton Dwight | Brainscape 37. b. develop depression even when not under stress. d. conditions of worth. d. people who are more devout are also psychologically healthier. Reinforcement and punishment can occur as two types positive and negative.